Knitted fabric and mode of making same.



\ PATENTED OCT. 22, l1907.

PATENTBD OCT. 22, 190'?.

I H. SWINGLEHURST. KNIT'IED FABRIC AND MODE 0F MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l1, 1905.

. .'Ui ini@ f W No. 868,322. PATENTBD 00T. 2z, 19o?.

' H. SWINGLEHURST.

KNITTBD FABRIC AND MODE OFMAKING SAME. APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 11. 1905.

a! il all c1 ab; 61;; La HEBT-#HEEQ /O /O /0 /o 3 3 s 3, Z 8 K 8 e A 8 f6/ f 6 6. f l

3 f 3 3 f f 3A .l A 2 Z 2 2 l l `l l 0b y (1f El a @s Z* aj;

No. 868,822. PATENTED 00T. 22, 1907. H. SWINGLBHURST.

KNITTED FABRIC AND MOD-E 0F MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 1,1, 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Hwa@ awk/@Wa No. 868, 22. P TBNTED OCT. 22, l 07.

H. SWINGLEHURST. l KNITTED FABRIC AND MODE 0F MAKING SAME.

v VMPLIOATION FILED sBPT.V11.19o5.

s SHEETS-SHEET 6 HARRY SW1NGrLEHURST, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNOR TO ROBERT W.

. SCOTT, OF LEEDS POINT, NEW JERSEY, A

SYLVANIA.

To all whom t't may concern:I

Be it'known that l, HARRY SWINGLEHURST, a citizen of the United States,residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have -invented \certainImprovements in Knitted Fabrics and in the Mode of Making Same, of whichthe following is a sprcication.

The object of my invention is to prevent the running back of stitchescast from the needles of a knitting machine in changing the character ofthe knitting, for instance in changing from plain web to ribbed web, bycasting the stitches from certain cylinder needles, retiring the sameand introducing dial needles in their stead, or inchanging from ribbedweb to plain web by casting stitches from the dial n eedles, 'retiringthe same and introducing cylinder needles in their stead.

4The change from ribbed web to plain web may be effected at the junctionof the top 'and leg, or at the junction of the leg and foot of astocking, andthe change from plain web to ribbed web may be effectedafter ,the

completion of a toe pocket upon a stocking tube, in which case thecasting off of the stitches from certain cylinder needles may befollowed immediately by the introduction oi corresponding ribbingneedles for the formation of a setting-up course for ,the next sectionofribbed web, or for the formation o the welt thereon, or any desirednumber of courses of plain web may be formed upon the remaining activecylinder needles be- 4fore beginning said setting-up course. v In eithercase a transfer operation is avoided and the production of the sock 6rstocking is therefore simplified and cheapened.

nIn the accompanying drawings Figure l, shows an exaggerated view of apiece of knitted web embodying my invention, when the change 'n thecharacter of the knitting is from plain web to rilibed web; Fig. 2, is asimilar view taken from the opp'osite side of the web; Fig. 3, is asectional View of said web on a reduced scale, the section being takenthrough a standing Wale; Fig. Il, is a similar view showing aweb formedwith a welt at the beginning of the ribbed section ofthe fabric; Figs. 5and 6, are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, butillustrating a fabric in which the change in the character of theknitting is from ribbed web to plain web; Figs.A 7, 8, `9 and 10, areviews similar to -Fig. 1, but illustrating otherways of effecting theobject of my invention, when the change in the character of the knittingis from plain web to ribbed web; and Figs. 11, 12, 13 and-14, are'views,similar 'to Figs. 7, 8,

9 and 10, respectively, but showing a change from one having cylinderneedles and dial needles, and that the plain web is being produced uponthe cylinder nee- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application lstl `September 11, 1905. Serial Noi277.897

.rcnrrcrnnV 'Fannie AND Monnpn MAKING SAME.

, Patented Oct. 22, 1907'.`

tion oi the same into elongated sinker wales intervening between thestanding wales, sothat there will be, at the point of junction .betweenthe plain and ribbed webs, a plain fabric of very open mesh, and ofindefi nitel extent. -Such a method of changing from plain Web to ribbedweb or from ribbed web to plain web is therefore, commerciallyimpracticable, and in order to overcome the objection noted, I,inaccordance with one method of carrying out my invention, discontinuethe formation of stitches on the standing Wale needles, while continuingsuch formation on the ncedleswhich are to be retired, this operationcontinuing for one or more courses, and preferably for a plurality ofcourses, before casting the. stitches from and retiring said needles,the resultbeing that the standing wales take the strain exerted upon thefabric, th'e discontinued wales being relieved from such strain and therunning back 'of the stitches oisuch discontinued wales being therebyprevented. l i l I n Figs. land 2, ofthe drawing, a represent standing4Wales of plain fabric which are continued up into the ribbed fabric andcorrespondingly lettered therein, b

ND LOUIS D. WILLIAMS, OF OGONTZ, PENN- representing discontinued walesof plain fabric, d rib wales which take the place of the latter, and j'sinkei" wales passing from one discontinued Wale b to another, the ternisinlier Wale. in this connection meaning the yarn between the needlewales.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, of the drawing, I hajve shown my invention asapplied to a web in which the change is made directly from continuousplain web to ribbed web, and in Fig. 4, I have shown an instance inwhich, after'casting off the stitches of the discontinued wales b, anumber of courses of plain web'g are rst knitted upon the remainingcylinder'needles, and a welt h is then formed in the usual way, beforebeginning the produc tion of ribbed web d: 'l

Figs. 5 ,and 6, show a fabric in which the change has been effected.from ribbed web to plain web, a representing standing wales contained inboth webs, d discontinued rib wales, b plain wales which take the placeof said discontinued rib wales and f sinker wales connecting the latter.y

in the fabric shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6,'the knitroo ting 4operationis arrested simultaneously upon all oi the standing Wale needles of thecylinder and the teri standing Wales a and a3, and, after the formationof lso course 5 on the needles which produce standing Wales a, a2 and a,the terminal stitchesof the discontinued wales b and b3 being in course4, and the terminal stitches of discontinued Wales b2 and b4 being incourse 7.

In the fabric shown in Fig. 8, knitting is discontinued upon thestanding Wale needles after the production of course 3 in Wales a/ anda3, and after the productionof course 4 in Wales a"2 and a4, but isdiscontinued for but one course o n each needle, the yarn which formsthe stitches in course 4 in discontinued Wales b and b3 failing to formstitches in the standing Wales a. and a3, the yarn Which forms theterminal stitches in course l5 in the said Wales b and b3 also formingstitches in the standing Wales'a and a3, and the yarn Which forms theterminal stitches in course 5 in the discontinued wales b2 and. b4failing to form stitches in the standing Wales a2 and a4.

In all of the fabricsk thus far illustrated there are a plurality ofyarns in some of the courses of the standing Wales corresponding tocourses in the terminal portions of the discontinued Wales, because ofthe arrest of the knitting operation for one or more courses upon thestanding Wale .needles While the knitting yarn is still istr being fedthereto as Well as to the alternating active needles, but the object ofmy invention may be attained Without recourse to this method of knittingorto the production of/a fabric of this character. In.

ric, as in ali of the preceding fabrics, the Inumber of courses ofstitches in the terminal portions of the discontinued wales and in theinitial portions ofl the rib Wales which supplant the same, togetherexceed the number of courses of stitches in the corresponding portionsof the standing wales.`

In the production of the fabric shown in Fig. l0, knitting .is notdiscontinued at any time upon the standing Wale needles but long orslack stitches are drawn Aupon the retirable cylinder needles in theterminal courses of the wales b formed thereon, and in the'coursespreceding said terminal courses, as indicated at 4 and 5, or such longerstitches may be drawn in more vthan one of such preceding courses, theeffect It Will be evident that any of the modifications shown in Figs. 7to 10, is applicable as Well to a fabric in which change is effectedfrom ribbed web to plain Web, and in Which the discontinued Wales are,therefore, rib wales instead of plain Web Wales. (See Figs.

My invention is applicable to ribbed fabric having but a limited numberof wales o f plain Web side by side; for instance, itis applicable inchanging from a Web knittedin three-and-one rib, or aWeb knitted infive-and-one rib to a Web knitted in one-and-one rib, as will be readilyunderstood.

While my improved fabric can, and in most cases will, be knitted With'asingle continuous yarn, I have, in Figs. l, 2, 5 and 6 of the drawing,shaded this yarn so as to indicate more clearly the three differentwales, the unshaded stitches showing the standing Wales, the linedstitches showing the alternating Wales of the plain Web, and thecross-hatched stitches showing the rib Wales.

It should be understood that in the various views of the .drawing someof the stitches have, as' compared with thiiir relation in the actualfabric, been distorted or displaced for clearer illustration of lthemanner in which they are interknitted. p

By the Words terminal portion as applied herein to a discontinued Wale Imean the actual terminal stitch and the stitch or stitches preceding thesame in such Wale, and thus distinguish from the terminal stitch alone.

I do not here claim a composite ribbed and plain fabric, in Which thechange from ribbed 'Web to plain web has been effected by discontinuingrib Wales and n replacing them by Wales of plain web, as this specificembodiment of myi-nvention forms the subject of a separate applicationfiled by me, of even date herewith, Serial No. 277,898 but I claim as mypresent invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain. havingstanding wales contained inboth webs, loose-ended and discontinued walesof one web` replaced by wales of the other web, and means for preventingrunning back of the loose ends of the discontinued Wales. i

2. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain` havingdiscontinued wales in one web. and standing wales contained in both theribbed and plain Webs, and having,` n plurality of yarns in a coursecorresponding,r to n cours(` ln terminal portions of the discontinuedwales.

3. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained in both the' ribbed and plain Webs, anddiscontinued wales of one web alternating with standing wnles' of saidweb und connected by snker wales.

, 4. A machine knit fabric,` partly ribbed and partly plain. having',rstanding wales contained in both the ribbed and plain Webs, anddiscontinued Wales of one web alternating; with standing wales of saidweb and having in their terminal portions n plurality of' courses ofstitches connected by slnkcr wales.

, 5. A lmachine knit fabric partly ribbed and partly plain. havingstanding wales contained in both the ribbed and plain Webs, loose-endedand discontinued wales of one web replaced by wales of the other web,and 'means for preventing running back of the loose ends of saiddiscontinued wales.

d. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain. havingstanding wales contained in both the ribbed and plain webs, anddiscontinued Wales of one web replaced by wales of the other web. ,thenumber of courses of stitches in the terminal portions-ofthediscontinued wales and in the initial portions of the wales. whichsupplant the same being together in excess of the number of courses ofstitches in the corresponding portions of the'standing nvales. i

7. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed andpartly plain, havingdiscontinued wales of one web replaced by wales of the other web andstanding Wales contained in both the ribbed and plain webs and having aplurality of yarns in a course corresponding to a course in terminalportions of theA discontinued Wales. I

8. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained inlvboth the ribbed and 4 plain `webs, anddiscontinued Wales of one web replaced by wales of theiother web andconnected by sinlrer Wales.

9, A machine huit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained in both the ribbed and plain Webs,anddiscontinued wales of one web' replaced by Wales of the other web, eplurality of courses of the terminal portions of the discontinuedWales'heing connected by sinlrer wales. l

10. At machine knit fabric, j tiartly` ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained in both tharibbcd and plain webs, discontinuedWalen of plain` web replaced by wales of ribbed web, and means forpreventing runningback of the discontinued wales of plain web. t

l1. A machine knit fabric partly ribbed and partly plaira havingstanding vraies contained in both the ribbed and plain webs anddii-continued of plain web replaced by Wales of ribbed web, the numberof courses of' stitches in the terminal portions of the .discontinuedplain web i Wales and in the initial portionsfof the ribbed Wales whichsupplant the same being, together, in excess of the number of courses ofstitches in the corresponding portions of the standing wales.

12. A machine knit fabric, partly ribbedA and' partly plain," havingdiscontinued wales oi plain web replaced by wales of ribbed web, andstanding Wales contained in both the ribbed and plain websf saidstanding Wales having a plu- `allty of yarns in a course correspondingto a course in terminal portions of the discontinued plain web wales.

l3.-A machine knit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain,

Ahaving standing wales containedin both the ribbed and plain webs, anddiscontinued wales of plain web replaced by Wales oi? ribbed 'web andconnected by sinkcr wales.

itin machine ltnit fabric, partly ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained .in both the ribbed and plain Webs, anddiscontinued wales of plain web replaced by wales of ribbed web, aplurality oi' courses in the terceases minal portions oi thediscontinued wales being connected by sinker wales.

15. A machine huit fabric, partly ribbedand partly plain, havingstanding wales contained, in both the ribbed web ,and the plain web,discontinued wales of plain web replaced by rib wales, means forpreventing running back of said discontinued wales of plain Web, and awelt formed at the beginning of the ribbed web.

16. A machine knit fabric, parti;7 ribbed and partly plain, havingstanding wales contained in both the ribbed web and the plain web,discontinued wales? of plain web replaced by rib wales, means forpreventing running back of said discontinued vraies of plain web, ashort section of plain web interposed between the two webs, and a weltformed at the beginning of the ribbed web.

17, The mode herein described of producing a knitted fabric, said modeconsisting in irst knitting upon one set of needles to produce a plainweb, arresting for one or more courses the productioliof stitches uponcertain of the needles of said set but permitting said needles to retain`the stitches already upon them, continuing the formation of stitchesupon the other needles of the said set, then casting the stitches fromthe latter needles and retiring ,them from action, then bringing intoaction needles which Vwere before put out of action and also needles ofanother set alternating therewith, and. drawing stitches in. a diierentdirection therefrom, and continuing the knitting with the inclnsion ofboth sets of needles.v

18. The mode herein described of producing a knitted fabric, said modeconsisting in. knitting upon one set of -needles to produce a plain web,arresting for one or more courses the production of stitches uponcertain ot the needles of said set but permitting said needles to retainthel stitches already upon them, continuing the formation ofstitchesuponthe other needles of said set and-feeding the fresh yarn also to theretired needles ot the set, then casting the stitches from the needleswhich were not before retired and retiring them from action, thenbringing into action the previously retired needles along with needlesof another set alternatingl therewith, andvdrawing stitches in aditierent direction therefrom, and continuing the knitting with theinclusion of both sets-of needles.

In testimony whereof, I, have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence oi two subscribing` witnesses.

HARRY SWINGLEi-lURST. Witnesses WM. E. Saturn, dos. H. Konin.

